A refrigerator that no longer keeps food cold often has a problem with the compressor start device. When this small component fails, the compressor cannot switch on correctly, leaving the fridge and freezer compartments warm. Replacing the start device is a repair you can do at home, which saves the cost of a service call.
This guide explains what the start device does, how to recognize when it is faulty, what tools are required, and the safety steps to follow before starting the repair.
What Does the Start Device Do?
The compressor is the heart of your refrigerator. It pressurizes refrigerant and maintains the correct temperature in both the fridge and freezer compartments.
The start device attaches to the side of the compressor and has two main jobs:
- Provide extra power to the compressor motor each time it cycles on
- Prevent the compressor from overheating by controlling how it starts and stops
A failed start device keeps the compressor from running, which means the appliance cannot cool properly.
Signs of a Bad Start Device
Replacement may be necessary if you notice:
- The fridge and freezer are not cooling, but the interior light still turns on
- A clicking sound comes from the back of the fridge every few minutes as the compressor attempts to start
What You’ll Need
- 1/4-inch nut driver
- Flat blade screwdriver
- Replacement start device (make sure it is compatible with your Whirlpool model)
Safety First
Before starting the repair, follow these safety steps:
- Unplug the refrigerator or switch off the circuit breaker. Never work with a power connected.
- Turn off the water supply to the fridge and have towels ready for any leftover water.
- Allow the appliance to cool if it was recently in use.
- Work carefully and avoid rushing, which increases the risk of accidents.
- Keep the workspace clear of clutter, and keep children and pets away.
- Review the user manual for model-specific notes.
- Handle parts with care to avoid breaking components.
- Wear insulated gloves and safety glasses for protection from sharp edges or debris.
- Avoid touching exposed wires. If necessary, use a non-conductive tool.
How to Replace the Start Device in a Whirlpool Refrigerator
Follow these steps to remove the faulty start device and install a new one safely.
Step 1. Remove the Access Panel
- Unplug the refrigerator from the power outlet.
- Disconnect the water supply to the refrigerator.
- Use a 1/4-inch nut driver to remove the screws (usually 6–8) securing the rear access panel.
- Tilt the panel outward, slide the power cord out of its slot, and set the panel aside carefully.
Step 2. Remove the Old Start Device
- Locate the start device on the side of the compressor.
- Insert a flathead screwdriver into the seam around the start device and gently pry it loose.
- Pull the start device outward to access the wiring.
- Release the locking tab with a screwdriver and disconnect the electrical plug.
- Detach the run capacitor from the old start device for reuse.
Step 3. Install the New Start Device
- Take the new start device out of its packaging.
- Attach the run capacitor to the new start device until it locks into place.
- Plug the electrical connector into the new start device until it clicks.
- Align the new start device with the compressor pins and push it firmly until it snaps in place.
Step 4. Reinstall the Access Panel
- Hold the rear access panel back in position.
- Feed any wiring through the openings and align the screw holes with the refrigerator frame.
- Insert and tighten the screws to secure the panel.
- Slide the power cord back into its slot on the panel.
- Reconnect the water supply line.
- Plug the refrigerator back into the power outlet.
- Turn the refrigerator on and listen to confirm the new start device is working properly.
Tips for Choosing the Right Replacement
Not every start device will fit your Whirlpool model, so keep these points in mind:
- Match the part number (WPW10194431 in this case) with your refrigerator model
- Buy from reputable suppliers that specialize in appliance parts
- Look for original OEM parts rather than generic substitutes when possible
- Read product descriptions carefully to confirm compatibility
- Check customer reviews for feedback on reliability and longevity
- Keep the receipt and packaging in case a return or exchange is needed
Preventing Future Failures
After replacing the start device, you can help prolong its life and protect your refrigerator by:
- Vacuuming dust and lint from around the compressor area every few months
- Keeping the refrigerator on a dedicated electrical circuit to avoid power fluctuations
- Using a surge protector to shield sensitive components from electrical spikes
- Allowing adequate space behind the fridge for proper airflow and cooling
- Regularly checking for signs of overheating, such as unusual smells or warm exterior panels
- Avoiding overloading the refrigerator, which forces the compressor to run harder and more often
- Scheduling occasional professional maintenance if the appliance is heavily used
Key Takeaways
A working refrigerator makes all the difference in your kitchen, and fixing the start device is often simpler than most people expect. With the right tools and a careful approach, you can bring your Whirlpool back to life without calling in a technician. Remember to double-check that the replacement part matches your model and take your time following the steps. Once the job is done, you’ll not only have a fridge that runs smoothly again but also peace of mind knowing you handled the repair yourself. Keeping up with small maintenance habits afterward will help your refrigerator stay reliable for years to come.