A non-cooling freezer can be extremely frustrating. Not only does it prevent you from keeping foods frozen, but it can lead to spoilage and waste as well. Fortunately, there are several simple things you can try yourself to get your freezer cooling again before calling a professional. This comprehensive guide will walk you through 5 tips to help identify and resolve common freezer cooling issues.
Step 1: Check the Power Supply
The first thing to check with a non-cooling freezer is the power supply. Here’s how:
Check That the Freezer Is Plugged In
- Make sure the power cord is firmly plugged into the electrical outlet. Plug another appliance, like a lamp, into the outlet to verify power is flowing properly.
- Check the plug terminals and wire for any damage. If the cord is frayed or the plug is broken, this could disrupt power to the freezer.
- Ensure the outlet is not controlled by a wall switch which may have been switched off.
Inspect the Circuit Breaker/Fuses
- Find the main circuit breaker/fuse box, usually located in the basement, garage, or laundry room.
- Check if any breakers have tripped or fuses blown. Reset breakers and replace fuses if necessary.
- If the breakers trip repeatedly, you may have a short circuit or electrical overload issue. Contact an electrician.
Check the Voltage
- Use a voltmeter to check the voltage supplied at the outlet. It should read between 110 to 120 volts.
- If voltage is lower than this range, there may be an issue with the electrical wiring.
- Contact an electrician for inspection. Low voltage can prevent the freezer from cooling properly.
Step 2: Adjust the Freezer Temperature Setting
If the power supply checks out, the next step is inspecting the internal temperature controls:
Set Temperature to Coldest Setting
- The internal control panel regulates the freezer temperature.
- Turn the temperature dial, switch, or digital control to the coldest possible setting. This tells the freezer to run at maximum cooling.
- Allow 24 hours on the coldest setting for the freezer to reach ideal temperature.
Use a Thermometer to Confirm Temperature
- After 24 hours on the coldest setting, check the temperature inside the freezer using a thermometer.
- Ideal freezer temperature is 0°F (-18°C). The freezer should cool to at least 10°F-25°F (-12°C – -4°C).
- If it does not reach these ranges, there may be an issue with the refrigerant levels or seals.
Adjust if Temperature Fluctuates Greatly
- Normal freezer temperature may fluctuate slightly around the set point. However, large fluctuations greater than 10°F indicate an issue.
- Try setting the dial to a slightly warmer setting, allowing the compressor to run longer to maintain a consistent temperature.
Also Read: Deep clean your freezer in 6 easy steps
Step 3: Inspect the Door Seals
Compromised door seals are a common source of non-cooling issues in a freezer Make sure cold air isn’t escaping:
Check for Cracks, Gaps, or Tears
- Visually inspect the rubber door gasket for any cracks, gaps, or tears.
- Run your fingers along the seals to feel for any sticking points or openings.
- If there are significant gaps that may be allowing air exchange, the seals will need to be replaced.
Perform the Dollar Bill Test
- A quick test is to slip a dollar bill between the seal and chamber wall, then tug gently.
- There should be significant friction holding the bill in place. If it slides out easily, the seal adhesion has been compromised.
Monitor Temperature After Adjusting Seals
- After replacing damaged seals or adjusting door alignment, monitor the internal temperature for 24 hours.
- This allows you to confirm if cold air loss was the cause of the cooling failure.
Replace Seals If Necessary
- Replace seals around the freezer doors every 2-3 years, as the rubber loses flexibility over time.
- New seals can be ordered from the appliance manufacturer and installed using basic tools.
Step 4: Test the Compressor Functionality
The compressor generates the cooling effect within a freezer. Malfunctioning compressors are a primary reason freezers stop cooling properly:
Listen for Compressor Humming
- The compressor will emit a low humming or pulsing sound when operating. This sound should come from the lower rear of the freezer.
- If you hear no sounds, the compressor may have failed or lost power.
Check if Compressor Is Warm
- Touch the outside case around the compressor. When operating normally, this area should feel warm as heat transfers through the case.
- If the compressor area is not warm, the compressor may have failed or is not running.
Test Voltage to Compressor
- Using a voltmeter, you can check if power is reaching the compressor.
- Remove the access panel and look for voltage between 110V to 120V at the compressor terminals when it should be running.
- If compressor has voltage but isn’t running, it likely failed and needs replacement.
Call for Service if Compressor Defective
- If the compressor is defective, freezer refrigerant pressures can fluctuate rapidly. This requires an HVAC technician to safely recover refrigerant before installing a new compressor.
- Due to EPA regulations governing refrigerants, specialized training and equipment are required.
Step 5: Clear Condenser Drain Blockages
Clogged drains can cause various freezer failures:
Clear Out Standing Water
- It’s normal for some water to collect in the condenser drain pan, especially in humid weather. However, excess water can indicate a blockage.
- Remove any standing water from the drain pan beneath the condenser using towels.
- Tilting the freezer back may improve draining from some models, depending on the drain orientation.
Check Drain Tube for Obstructions
- The drain tube channels water to an external pan underneath or down to a tray atop the compressor.
- Shine a flashlight into this clear plastic tube to check for debris, mold, or ice blockages.
- Insert a wire or steam to clear clogs so water can drain freely.
Remove Drain Tube Entirely if Needed
- To fully inspect the drain tube, detach it from the freezer’s internal piping in order to check for cracks or splits.
- Flush with hot water and soap using a funnel if severe mold or algae deposits are present.
- Reinstall the drain line securely once fully cleaned.
Call for Service if Drain Pan Cracked
- The drain pan is made from plastic and is prone to cracking over years of freezing and thawing cycles.
- If pan is cracked severely, water will leak near compressor causing electrical shorts and cooling loss.
- The drain pan may require replacement by a technician in worst-case scenarios.
Preventing Future Freezer Non-cooling Issues
Implementing good freezer maintenance practices can minimize cooling failures:
- Clean Condenser Coils Yearly – Use a coil cleaner to clear dust and debris, allowing maximum airflow.
- Check/Replace Seals Every 2-3 Years – Ensure seals are pliable without cracks or openings.
- Check Drain Tube Monthly – Confirm the drain tube is clear and without obstructions allowing water to exit.
- Level Freezer Properly – Use legs and turnbuckles to level front-to-back and side-to-side allowing doors to close easily.
- Keep Stock Organized – Prevent overcrowding which reduces airflow and places heavy loads on shelves or walls.
Also Read: Troubleshooting a Freezer: A Comprehensive Guide
When to Call an Appliance Repair Technician
While many freezer cooling issues can be addressed with simple troubleshooting, certain situations require a trained HVAC technician:
- Electrical shorts or overloads causing circuit breaker/fuse issues.
- Refrigerant leaks require evacuation, recharge, and leak detection.
- Compressor failure necessitating certified removal/installation of coolant lines.
- Advanced diagnostics if multiple cooling components have failed or freezer does not hold temperature.
- To access or replace internal components not serviceable by general public for safety.
Most appliance repair technicians can service all equipment brands and provide certified, lasting repairs backed by industry warranties. Don’t hesitate to call in the pros when freezer problems start to exceed your DIY capabilities or product knowledge! Investing in professional service ensures you receive long-term solutions allowing your freezer to efficiently operate trouble-free for years to come.